SPICE Workshop on Nanomagnetism in 3D, April 30th - May 2nd 2024
Denys Makarov
Curvilinear magnetism: fundamentals and applications
Curvilinear magnetism is a framework, which helps understanding the impact of geometric curvature on complex magnetic responses of curved 1D wires and 2D shells [1-3]. The lack of the inversion symmetry and the emergence of a curvature induced anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) stemming from the exchange interaction [4,5] are characteristic of curved surfaces. Magnetochiral responses of any curvilinear magnetic nanosystem are governed by the mesoscale DMI [6], which is determined via both the material and geometric parameters and governs the stabilization of skyrmion and skyrmionium states as well as skyrmion
lattices [7-9]. Recently, a novel nonlocal chiral symmetry breaking effect was discovered in curvilinear magnetic nanoshells [10], which is responsible for the coexistence and coupling of multiple magnetochiral properties within the same
magnetic object [11].
The field of curvilinear magnetism is extended towards curvilinear antiferromagnets. Pylypovskyi et al. demonstrated that intrinsically achiral one-dimensional curvilinear antiferromagnets behave as a chiral helimagnet with geometrically tunable DMI, orientation of the Neel vector and the helimagnetic phase transition [12-14]. This positions curvilinear antiferromagnets as a novel platform for the realization of geometrically tunable chiral antiferromagnets for antiferromagnetic spinorbitronics. Application potential of geometrically curved magnetic architectures is explored as memory, spin-wave filters, high-speed racetrack memory devices as well as mechanically reshapeable magnetic field sensors for automotive applications, soft robotics [15] on-skin interactive electronics relying on thin films [16,17] as well as printed magnetic composites [18] with appealing self-healing performance [19].
These fundamental discoveries and application-oriented activities will be covered in this tutorial.
[1] D. Makarov et al., Curvilinear micromagnetism: from fundamentals to applications
(Springer, Zurich, 2022).
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[5] O. Volkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 077201 (2019).
[6] O. Volkov et al., Scientific Reports 8, 866 (2018).
[7] V. Kravchuk et al., Phys. Rev. B 94, 144402 (2016).
[8] V. Kravchuk et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 067201 (2018).
[9] O. Pylypovskyi et al., Phys. Rev. Appl. 10, 064057 (2018).
[10] D. Sheka et al., Communications Physics 3, 128 (2020).
[11] O. Volkov et al., Nature Communications 14, 1491 (2023).
[12] O. Pylypovskyi et al., Nano Letters 20, 8157 (2020).
[13] O. Pylypovskyi et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 118, 182405 (2021).
[14] Y. A. Borysenko et al., Phys. Rev. B 106, 174426 (2022).
[15] M. Ha et al., Advanced Materials 33, 2008751 (2021).
[16] J. Ge et al., Nature Communications 10, 4405 (2019).
[17] G. S. Canon Bermudez et al., Nature Electronics 1, 589 (2018).
[18] M. Ha et al., Advanced Materials 33, 2005521 (2021).
[19] R. Xu et al., Nature Communications 13, 6587 (2022).