Electrical Detection of Magnetic Configurations in Magnetic Insulators

Aisha Aqeel

Spin transport using magnetic insulators has recently attracted much attention to explore new functions in spintronics. To understand the spin transport at the interface between a normal metal (NM) and a ferromagnetic insulator (FMI), researchers have performed several experiments, including the spin Seebeck effect (SSE) and spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR), mainly in collinear magnetic insulators such as the prototype yttrium-iron-granate (YIG). However, the sensitivity and response of these effects in noncollinear magnetic insulators are unknown. Here, we report the simultaneous detection of SMR and SSE in a noncollinear CoCr2O4 magnetic insulator using a locking detection technique [1,2].
For SMR detection, an alternating current is passed through the Pt Hall beam, causing spin accumulation at the Pt/FMI interface due to the spin-Hall effect. This spin accumulation is absorbed or reflected, depending on the direction of magnetization of the IMF. In addition, when a charge current flows through the Pt-Hall bar, it generates Joule heating, creating a thermal gradient at the Pt/FMI interface. This thermal gradient can cause thermal magnons in the CCO magnetic insulator, resulting in a spin current that is pumped into the Pt and can be electrically detected with ISHE. CoCr2O4 is a spinel with a collinear ferrimagnetic state below Tc = 94 K and noncollinear magnetic phases at lower temperatures. We studied the SMR and SSE at different temperatures (5K-300K). We observed a significant increase in the SMR and SSE at low temperatures, showing an enormous sensitivity to the noncollinear phases of the CoCr2O4 [2].

[1] A. Aqeel, et al., Phys. Rev. B 103 (10), L100410 (2021)
[2] A. Aqeel, Phys. Rev. B 92 (22), 224410 (2015)